The writer Pudhumaipithan – and his contemporaries who wrote in Manikodi, a path-breaking little magazine in Tamil – coupled Western forms with Tamil life to produce a scintillating repertoire of short stories. Ki. Rajanarayanan folded oral folklore traditions into the short-story form to make it uniquely his own. Ashokamitran, inspired by the style of writers like Hemingway, ushered in a spare aesthetic in Tamil prose, one that could express the vicissitudes of Tamil urban life.

